《植物生理学报》 2014, 50(12): 1871-1879

光质对姜黄生理特性及根茎次生代谢的影响

刘建福^1,2, 王明元², 唐源江², 范燕萍^1,*, 钟书淳², 陈钦²

¹华南农业大学园艺学院, 广州510642; ²华侨大学生物工程与技术系, 福建厦门361021

通信作者：范燕萍；E-mail: fanyanping@scau.edu.cn；Tel: 021-85288266

摘　要：

以发光二级管(LED)为光源研究不同光质对姜黄生理、姜黄素生物合成关键酶活性、有机酸和姜黄素类化合物含量的影响。试验结果表明: 红光有利于提高姜黄素含量; 蓝光提高姜黄叶片蛋白质, 激活苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、肉桂酸-4-羟化酶(C4H)和4-香豆酸: 辅酶A连接酶(4CL)活性, 促进肉桂酸、对香豆酸、咖啡酸和阿魏酸生成, 提高姜黄素、双去甲氧基姜黄素和去甲氧基姜黄素含量; 绿光则抑制相关酶活性、降低有机酸和姜黄素类化合物含量。红蓝组合光提高PAL、C4H和4CL活性, 促进肉桂酸、对香豆酸、咖啡酸和阿魏酸的生成, 提高姜黄素类化合物含量; 红光比例为50%~70%时提高姜黄叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量, 可溶性糖和蛋白质含量; 红光比例为70%时姜黄素类化合物含量达到最大值, 姜黄根茎的姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素和双去甲氧基姜黄素含量分别比对照显著提高77.39%、44.32%和43.80%。因此, 蓝光和红蓝组合光处理有利于姜黄次生代谢产物的生成; 红光比例为70%时最有利于姜黄次生代谢产物的生成, 而绿光和远红光则不利于姜黄次生代谢产物的积累。

关键词：光质; 姜黄; 酶活性; 苯丙烷类有机酸; 姜黄素类化合物

收稿：2014-10-15   修定：2014-11-25

资助：国家自然科学基金项目(31101512)、中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目(JB-ZR1151)和泉州市科技计划项目(2014Z111)。

Effects of Light Qualities on Physiological Characteristics and Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites in Rhizomes of Curcuma longa L.

LIU Jian-Fu^1,2, WANG Ming-Yuan², TANG Yuan-Jiang², FAN Yan-Ping^1,*, ZHONG Shu-Chun², CHEN Qin²

¹College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; ²Department of Biological Engineering and Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China

Corresponding author: FAN Yan-Ping; E-mail: fanyanping@scau.edu.cn; Tel: 021-85288266

Abstract:

The effects of different light qualities generated by light emitting diodes (LED) on the key enzymatic activity of secondary metabolic pathways, the content of organic acid and curcuminoids of Curcuma longa were studied. The results showed that red ligh increased curcumin content in Curcuma longa. The blue light enhanced the contents of protein and activated the activities of phenylalanin ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase (C4H) and 4-coumaric acid: CoA ligase (4CL), promoted the accumulation of cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, coffee acid and ferulic acid, and then improved the content of curcumin and demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin. While green light inhibited the activity of related enzyme, reduced the content of metabolic intermediates and curcuminoids. Combined light with red and blue advanced the activity of PAL, C4H and 4CL, promoted the accumulation of cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, coffee acid and ferulic acid, and advanced the content of curcumin and demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin. Red light ratio for 50%–70% raised the contents of chlorophyll, carotenoid, soluble sugar and protein in Curcuma longa. It was obvious that red light ratio for 70% significantly enhanced the content of curcuminoids. The contents of curcumin and demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin significantly increased 77.39%, 44.32% and 43.80%, respectively. It suggested that red light ratio for 70% was the optimum for secondary metabolite accumulation in Curcuma longa, while green light and far red light were not conducive to the accumulation of secondary metabolites in Curcuma longa.

Key words: light qualities; Curcuma longa L.; metabolic synthase enzymes activities; organic acid for phenylpropanoid; curcuminoids